Certainly loose fitting gloves can multiply hazards around machinery, but it all comes down to situational awareness. If you have the thought that it's rare, one can get a sense that it can't happen or it certainly won't happen a second time within a short period. Constantly working with electricity, for me, electrocution is rare, but I always have to be aware that it can happen. Don't get complacent when working with things that can injure or kill you.Not surprising.
Basically any tool with a spinning bit or blade can catch on a glove and pull your hand into danger. In my cabinet shop we only wore gloves when handling material, but not when cutting/routing.
Planer accidents like yours are rare, and could be a material handling exception ... a blade proof glove might have saved you from the flesh wound on a kickback, but if you go that route get a pair that fits as snug as possible, and be careful what tool you use when wearing.