Some schools do, but I think it is an elective course, rather than a club... My San Antonio high school had, and still has, Army ROTC.
In the early '70s my issue weapon was an M-14, drill team got Garands. Imagine bouncing Garands off asphalt today... I'd cry, lol!
In the late 70’s my unit had a rifle team (match 22s) that practiced daily after school at the on campus range. You know that wouldn’t fly in today’s climate.